There are no published data showing that overt type 2 diabetes occurs in dogs or that obesity is a risk factor for canine diabetes. Environmental factors such as feeding of high-fat diets are potentially associated with pancreatitis and likely play a role in the development of pancreatitis in diabetic dogs. Extensive pancreatic damage, likely from chronic pancreatitis, causes approximately 28% of canine diabetes cases.
Epidemiological factors closely match those of the latent autoimmune diabetes of adults form of human type 1 diabetes. At least 50% of diabetic dogs have type 1 diabetes based on present evidence of immune destruction of beta-cells. Seasonal effects on the incidence of diagnosis indicate that there are environmental influences on disease progression. Evidence exists for a genetic basis and altered immune response in the pathogenesis of canine diabetes. He is the leader of the gang of child criminals on the streets of London, trained by the elderly Fagin. The Dodger is a pickpocket, so called for his skill and cunning in that occupation. Low-carbohydrate, high-protein diets may help prevent diabetes in cats at risk such as obese cats or lean cats with underlying low insulin sensitivity. Jack Dawkins, better known as the Artful Dodger, is a character in Charles Dickens 1838 novel Oliver Twist.
High-carbohydrate diets increase blood glucose and insulin levels and may predispose cats to obesity and diabetes. Environmental risk factors in domestic or Burmese cats include advancing age, obesity, male gender, neutering, drug treatment, physical inactivity, and indoor confinement. Evidence for genetic factors in feline diabetes includes the overrepresentation of Burmese cats with diabetes. Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes in cats. There is evidence for the role of genetic and environmental factors in feline and canine diabetes.